NFS [miguel angel torres egea]

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= NFS
== información
  * [[http://es.tldp.org/Manuales-LuCAS/GARL2/garl2/x-087-2-nfs.html]]
  * ''mount -t nfs nfs_volume local_dir options'' (se puede omitir ''-t nfs'' pq el formato de montaje es exclusivo de este protocolo)
    * ''mount -t nfs vlager:/home /users''
  * ''cat /proc/filesystems'' -> ha de aparecer "nfs"
 

== puesta en marcha de server/client
  * server :
    * configuración servicio:<code bash>
sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server nfs-common portmap
sudo vim /etc/exports # añadir el recurso, con parámetros y restricciones (según más abajo)
sudo exportfs -ra
sudo service nfs-kernel-server start
# altertativamente: sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server
showmount -e
</code>
    * configuración directorio compartido:<code bash>
mkdir /path/directorio/compartido
chown nobody:nogroup /path/directorio/compartido</code>
  * client : <code bash>
sudo apt-get install nfs-common
sudo /etc/hosts # añadir, opcionalmente, la IP de la máquina remota y su "alias"
sudo mount -t nfs <ip>:<ruta> <ruta_local>
</code>
<code bash; /etc/fstab>
<ip_NFS_server:/path/directorio/compartido /punto/montaje nfs rw,async,hard,intr,noexec 0 0
</code>
    * flags:
      * rw: Read/write filesystem.
      * ro: Read-only filesystem. Remote NFS clients can’t modify the filesystem.
      * hard: Applications using files stored on an NFS will always wait if the server goes down. User cannot terminate the process unless the option intr is set.
      * soft: Applications using files stored on an NFS will wait a specified time (using the timeo option) if the server goes down, and after that, will throw an error.
      * intr: Allows user interruption of processes waiting on a NFS request.
      * timeo=<num>: For use with the soft option. Specify the timeout for an NFS request.
      * nolock: Disable file locks. Useful with older NFS servers.
      * noexec: Disable execution of binaries or scripts on an NFS share.
      * nosuid: Prevents users from gaining ownership of files on the NFS share.
      * rsize=<num>: Sets the read block data size. Defaults to 8192 on NFSv2 and NFSv3, and 32768 on NFSv4.
      * wsize=<num>: Sets the write block data size. Defaults to 8192 on NFSv2 and NFSv3, and 32768 on NFSv4.

== /etc/exports
<code bash; /etc/exports>
/path/directorio/compartir [<ip> | <rango_ip>]/<mascara>(flags)
</code>
  * flags:
    * rw : lectura-escritura
    * ro : solo lectura
    * root_squash : impide que un cliente remoto con permiso ROOT pueda ejercerlos
    * subtree_check : Disable file location checks on partial volume exports. This option will speed up transfers on full volume exports.
    * sync : Force all transfers to operate in synchronous mode, so all clients will wait until their operations are really done. This can avoid data corruption in the event of a server crash.

== apuntes
  * quien puede montar (**/etc/exports**) : 
<code bash; /etc/exports/>/carpeta ip/mask (ro,root_squad) @ trusted (rw,no_root_squad)</code>
  * AUTOFS daemon
    * /etc/auto.master

== + info
  * [[https://www.linode.com/docs/networking/nfs/how-to-mount-nfs-shares-on-debian-9/]]
  * [[https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/apple-mac-osx-nfs-mount-command-tutorial/]]